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1
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2
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- Graphs are used to present
data and show relationships between different quantities.
- Bar Graphs - show how specific quantities compare
- Line Graphs - useful for showing trends and changes
- Circle Graphs - show how parts are related to the whole
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3
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- Vertical axis represents frequency of occurrence (number of students who scored a particular score)
- horizontal axis represents categories (grades)
- quickly conveys relative number of one grade versus another
- 1. Nine students earned a B.
- 2. F occurred least often.
- 3. More than three times as many students earned a C as those who
received an F.
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4
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- Comparing different sub-populations over a span of categories may be
done with different colored bars.
- Each bar’s length may be given explicitly, as in this example.
- 1. 1.4 million more men than women were enrolled in college in 1970.
- 2. Female college enrollment increased by 3.55 million from 1970 to
1990.
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5
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- Show trends, especially comparing trends between categories
- 1. The North district was the most stable through the year.
- 2. The East district showed the most change.
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6
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- Show how the parts relate to the whole
- Division of the graph may be in percentage, as in this example, or in
frequency of occurrence.
- 1. There is more than a 2:1 ratio between divorced women (29%) and
single women (13%).
- 2. Divorced women outnumber married women.
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Notes