Digital Learning Blog

Color Me Accessible: Use of Color & Color Contrast

Color Me Accessible: Use of Color & Color Contrast

November 09, 2026 / Digital Learning / Tags: Access Granted, Accessibility, Digital Learning

Have you ever used bright red to flag an important deadline, green to indicate a correct answer, or a light gray font to give supporting information less emphasis? These decisions may seem like simple design choices, but for some students, they can make course materials harder to read or navigate. Understanding the Issue & Impact Accessible use of color involves two key considerations: Not relying on color alone to communicate meaning Ensuring sufficient contrast between text and its background. Accessible use of color supports students with low vision or Color Vision Deficiency (colorblindness) who may experience difficulty distinguishing colors or reading low-contrast content. It also improves readability on mobile devices, in bright environments, or on lower-quality screen displays. When color or contrast makes information difficult to perceive, students may miss important content or expend unnecessary effort that takes their focus away from learning. Color contrast refers to the difference in perceived brightness between two colors, such as dark text on a light background. The Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG) establish minimum contrast ratios to help ensure that digital content is readable. For standard text, the recommended minimum ratio is 4.5:1. Large text (at least 18 points regular or 14 points bold) requires a minimum ratio of 3:1 (W3C). These standards provide measurable criteria rather than relying solely on visual judgment. Example Consider an instructor who shows this lecture slide comparing student performance across two groups. The instructor uses a green bar to represent students who met a learning outcome and a red bar to represent those who did not. A student with red-green color vision deficiency will have difficulty distinguishing the bars. Moreover, if the slide background is similarly bright, it may be difficult for students sitting in the back of the classroom to distinguish the chart information from the slide’s background. Consider: This is a simulation of what this lecture slide would look like to a student with Red Colorblindness. To make the chart more accessible, the instructor could use different patterns in addition to color to differentiate between the two columns. Adding a background color to the chart could also improve readability. To improve color contrast of the overall slide, the instructor could use a solid, light background color that provides sufficient contrast with the dark text. These changes preserve the instructional purpose of the visual while making the information more accessible to students. Put It In Practice Instructors can incorporate several practical strategies into their everyday content creation: Do not use color as the only way to communicate meaning. When presenting information, combine color with other visual indicators like bolding or italicizing for text or different patterns and symbols for charts. Choose readable color combinations. Dark text on a light background and light text on a dark background provide strong contrast. Black on white and white on black are the most accessible color combinations. Check contrast before publishing. Most content creation software, including Canvas’s Rich Content Editor (RTE) and Microsoft Suite products, have built-in color contrast checks. The aforementioned software are especially helpful as they suggest alternate, more accessible colors to use. You can also use free tools such as the WebAIM Contrast Checker to evaluate text and background color combinations. Aim for a ratio of at least 4.5:1 for standard text and 3:1 for large text. Moving Forward Accessibly Accessible use of color doesn’t mean removing color altogether from your materials. You just need to make sure you are being intentional with color by using accessible color combinations and providing multiple visual cues for important information. By incorporating these practices into routine content creation, we can help reduce barriers and create learning environments in which students can more readily engage with course materials. Want to Dig Deeper? Try uploading screenshots of your course content into the Coblis — Color Blindness Simulator to see how a person with Color Vision Deficiency would view your content. Learn more about the related WCAG Guidelines, 1.4.1 Use of Color and 1.4.3 Contrast (Minimum), from AAArdvark’s WCAG in Plain English.

BookBytes: A Pedagogy of Kindness

BookBytes: A Pedagogy of Kindness

October 27, 2026 / Digital Learning / Tags: Book Bytes, Digital Learning

What is the topic? A Pedagogy of Kindness by Catherine J. Denial challenges the idea that higher education must be driven by competition, rigor, and gatekeeping. Instead, Denial argues that effective teaching is grounded in kindness, which she defines not as being “nice,” but as intentionally creating learning environments built on respect, trust, justice, and compassion. The book encourages educators to support both student success and their own well-being, demonstrating how kindness can improve learning while fostering belonging and engagement. Why is the topic important? This book is important because kindness is directly connected to student success. When students feel respected, supported, and that they belong, they are more likely to engage, persist, and achieve their learning goals. Catherine J. Denial shows that kindness doesn't reduce rigor; it helps students thrive and perform at their best. This message is especially relevant in online learning environments, where students can easily feel isolated or disconnected. Thoughtful course design, clear communication, and a supportive instructor presence can foster connection and belonging, helping online learners stay engaged and succeed. Who can use this information? Although written for higher education faculty, this book offers valuable insights for anyone who supports student learning, including instructional designers, advisors, and academic leaders. Its principles are particularly relevant for online educators seeking to foster connection, engagement, and student success in digital learning environments. Top three takeaways 1. Kindness is not Niceness Denial makes a clear distinction between kindness and simply being nice. Kindness is an intentional commitment to justice, respect, and supporting student learning, even when difficult conversations or decisions are required. Niceness, on the other hand, can sometimes avoid conflict or maintain the status quo. Examples from the book: • Holding students to high expectations while providing the support they need to meet them. • Building policies based on trust rather than assuming students are looking for ways to cheat or take advantage of instructors. • Recognizing students as whole people with complex lives and responsibilities outside the classroom. 2. Your syllabus as an “Instrument of Kindness” vs a legal document Denial argues that the syllabus should serve as an invitation to learning rather than a legal contract filled with warnings, penalties, and restrictive language. The syllabus is often a student's first impression of a course and can establish a tone of trust and belonging. Examples from the book: • Replacing punitive language with welcoming, student-centered language. • Explaining not only course policies but also the rationale behind them. • Inviting student input on aspects of the course when appropriate 3. Kindness and Assessment Denial encourages faculty to view assessment as a tool for learning rather than primarily a mechanism for sorting, ranking, or penalizing students. Kind assessment practices focus on helping students improve and demonstrate mastery. Examples from the book: • Providing meaningful, actionable feedback that helps students grow. • Allowing opportunities for revision and improvement when learning is still taking place. • Being transparent about grading criteria so students understand expectations and pathways to success. Closing Reading A Pedagogy of Kindness reminded me that great teaching is not just about delivering content. It's about creating the conditions for learning. Whether through syllabi, assessments, or everyday interactions with students, small acts of kindness can have a significant impact on student success. Catherine J. Denial reminds us that rigor and compassion are not competing values; they work best together.